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What does it mean to be a human? | Arthashastra



आहरनिद्रा भय मैथुनानि समानि चैतानि नृणा पशूनाम्।

ज्ञानो नराणामधिेो विशेषा ज्ञानेन हीना पशुभि: समाना।।

Aahaarninddraa Bhaya Maithanaani Samaani Chaitaani Nrinaam Pashunaam |

Gyaano Naraanaamadhiko Vishesho Gyaanen Heena Pashubhih Samaanaah ||


All beings, including human beings need food, sleep, sex as their natural requirement and all experience the common emotion of fear (of the unknown). But discretionary power alone rests with the humans. Hence the man who is devoid of discretion is just an animal

Eating food when hungry, sleeping when exhausted, indulging in sexual intercourse and fearings. Discretion endows man with the capacity to distinguish between the good and the evil, between knowledge and ignorance, etc. Obviously the person who is lacking in discretion or who has no discretionary powers is verily a beast.


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